Combination of key LHC (ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, LHCb) measurements in p-p, p-A, and/or A-A collisions to achieve high-precision constraints on nuclear PDFs, QGP properties, SM parameters, and/or searches of physics beyond the SM. Examples include gauge bosons and jets differential cross sections to constrain nPDF, light-by-light scattering to constrain new physics (axion) searches, open charm or bottom hadron cross sections to determine QGP transport coefficients.

Development of novel gas-target techniques to be able to carry out the most energetic fixed-target collisions ever performed in the lab, using the LHC beams at ALICE and LHCb. Evaluation of the novel expected constraints on PDFs at high-x in the proton and nucleus, parton spin dynamics, as well as QGP properties via unique quarkonia measurements.

Precision experiments at low energy, often called the Intensity Frontier of the Standard Model, entail measuring parameters of SM with high precision thereby constraining the contributions of yet unknown non-standard interactions and particles. While collider searches are best suited to look for heavy new particles, low-energy tests are sensitive to the full range of new physics.

Extraction of unpolarized and polarized TMDs and parton fragmentation functions (FFs) from new high-precision QCD analyses of novel high-statistics measurements at e+e-, e-p and p-p at fixed-target and collider energies.